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<title>Alpha Cygni variable</title>

</head>

Alpha Cygni variable

</h1>

</header>

Alpha Cygni variables are <a href="Variable_star" title="Variable star">variable stars</a> which exhibit non-radial pulsations, meaning that some portions of the stellar surface are contracting at the same time other parts expand. They are <a href="Supergiant" title="Supergiant">supergiant</a> stars of <a href="Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">spectral types</a> B or A. Variations in brightness on the order of 0.1 <a href="Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">magnitudes</a> are associated with the pulsations, which often seem <a href="Irregular_variable" title="Irregular variable">irregular</a>, due to <a href="Beat_(acoustics)" title="Beat (acoustics)">beating</a> of multiple pulsation periods. The pulsations typically have periods of several days to several weeks.

The prototype of these stars, <a href="Deneb" title="Deneb">Deneb</a> (α Cygni), exhibits fluctuations in brightness between magnitudes +1.21 and +1.29. Small amplitude rapid variations have been known in many early supergiant stars, but they were not formally grouped into a class until the 4th edition of the General Catalogue of Variable Stars was published in 1985. It used the acronym ACYG for Alpha Cygni variable stars.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> Many <a href="Luminous_blue_variable" title="Luminous blue variable">luminous blue variables</a> (LBVs) show Alpha Cygni-type variability during their quiescent (hot) phases, but the LBV classification is generally used in these cases.

A large number (32) were discovered by Christoffel Waelkens and colleagues analysing Hipparcos data in a 1998 study.<a href="#cite_note-waelkens_1998-2">[2]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pulsations">Pulsations</h2></div>

The pulsations of Alpha Cygni Variable stars are not fully understood. They are not confined to a narrow range of temperatures and luminosities in the way that most pulsating stars are. Instead, most luminous A and B supergiants, and possibly also O and F stars, show some type of unpredictable small-scale pulsations. <a href="Adiabatic_process" title="Adiabatic process">Nonadiabatic</a> strange mode <a href="Radial_pulsations" class="mw-redirect" title="Radial pulsations">radial pulsations</a> are predicted but only for the most luminous supergiants. Pulsations have also been modelled for less luminous supergiants by assuming they are low mass post-red supergiant stars, but most Alpha Cygni variables do not appear to have passed through the red supergiant stage.<a href="#cite_note-saio-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-SaioGeorgy2013-4">[4]</a>

The pulsations are likely induced by <a href="Kappa_mechanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Kappa mechanism">kappa mechanism</a>, caused by iron opacity variations, with strange modes producing the observed short periods for both radial and non-radial pulsations. Non-adiabatic <a href="G-mode_pulsation" class="mw-redirect" title="G-mode pulsation">g-modes</a> may produce longer period variations, but these have not been observed in Alpha Cygni variables.<a href="#cite_note-Saio2011-5">[5]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Galactic">Galactic</h3></div>

<th style="width:10%;">Designation (name)

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Constellation

</th>

<th style="width:15%;">Discovery

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Maximum <a href="Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">Apparent magnitude</a> (mV)<a href="#cite_note-gcvs-6">[6]</a>

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Minimum <a href="Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">Apparent magnitude</a> (mV)<a href="#cite_note-gcvs-6">[6]</a>

</th>

<th style="width:15%;">Period (days)

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Spectral class

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Luminosity

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Comment

</th></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Camelopardalis" title="Camelopardalis">Camelopardalis</a>

</td>

<td>Percy & Welsh (1983)<a href="#cite_note-PercyWelch1983-7">[7]</a>

</td>

<td>4m.54

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>A0Iab

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Camelopardalis" title="Camelopardalis">Camelopardalis</a>

</td>

<td>Rufener (1982)<a href="#cite_note-rufener-9">[9]</a>

</td>

<td>4m.259

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>B9Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Eta_Canis_Majoris" title="Eta Canis Majoris">η CMa (Aludra)</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Canis_Major" title="Canis Major">Canis Major</a>

</td>

<td>Kazarovets et al. (1999)<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>

</td>

<td>2m.38

</td>

<td>2m.48

</td>

<td>4.70433

</td>

<td>B5Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Canis_Major" title="Canis Major">Canis Major</a>

</td>

<td>Waelkens et al. (1998)<a href="#cite_note-waelkens_1998-2">[2]</a>

</td>

<td>2m.98

</td>

<td>3m.04

</td>

<td>24.44

</td>

<td>B3Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Cassiopeia_(constellation)" title="Cassiopeia (constellation)">Cassiopeia</a>

</td>

<td>Percy & Welsh (1983)<a href="#cite_note-PercyWelch1983-7">[7]</a>

</td>

<td>4m.12

</td>

<td>4m.21

</td>

<td>2.64690

</td>

<td>B1Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Cassiopeia_(constellation)" title="Cassiopeia (constellation)">Cassiopeia</a>

</td>

</td>

<td>5m.34

</td>

<td>5m.45

</td>

<td>30

</td>

<td>B2 Ia+

</td>

</td>

<td>Hypergiant

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Centaurus" title="Centaurus">Centaurus</a>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>5m.12

</td>

<td>5m.22

</td>

<td>46.3

</td>

<td>A2Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Cepheus_(constellation)" title="Cepheus (constellation)">Cepheus</a>

</td>

<td>Percy & Welsh (1983)<a href="#cite_note-PercyWelch1983-7">[7]</a>

</td>

<td>4m.25

</td>

<td>4m.35

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>A2 Iab

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

<td>Waelkens et al. (1998)<a href="#cite_note-waelkens_1998-2">[2]</a>

</td>

<td>6m.24

</td>

<td>6m.28

</td>

<td>2.8778

</td>

<td>B1.5Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Deneb" title="Deneb">Deneb</a><a href="#cite_note-SaioGeorgy2013-4">[4]</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Cygnus_(constellation)" title="Cygnus (constellation)">Cygnus</a>

</td>

</td>

<td>1m.21

</td>

<td>1m.29

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>A2 Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>Prototype

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Cygnus_(constellation)" title="Cygnus (constellation)">Cygnus</a>

</td>

</td>

<td>4m.19

</td>

<td>4m.26

</td>

<td>120.2

</td>

<td>B9 Iab

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Cygnus_(constellation)" title="Cygnus (constellation)">Cygnus</a>

</td>

</td>

<td>4m.81

</td>

<td>4m.87

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>B2.5 Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Gemini_(constellation)" title="Gemini (constellation)">Gemini</a>

</td>

<td>Waelkens et al. (1998)<a href="#cite_note-waelkens_1998-2">[2]</a>

</td>

<td>5m.75

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>13.70

</td>

<td>B3 Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

<td>Olsen (1974)<a href="#cite_note-olsen-23">[23]</a>

</td>

<td>3m.83

</td>

<td>3m.9

</td>

<td>3.4271

</td>

<td>B1Iab

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Rigel" title="Rigel">β Ori (Rigel)</a><a href="#cite_note-SaioGeorgy2013-4">[4]</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Orion_(constellation)" title="Orion (constellation)">Orion</a>

</td>

<td>Waelkens et al. (1998)<a href="#cite_note-waelkens_1998-2">[2]</a>

</td>

<td>0m.17

</td>

<td>0m.22

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>B8Ia

</td>

218,000<a href="#cite_note-aaa445_3_1099-25">[25]</a>

</td>

<td>Brightest member

</td></tr>

<tr>

<td><a href="Alnilam" title="Alnilam">ε Ori (Alnilam)</a>

</td>

<td><a href="Orion_(constellation)" title="Orion (constellation)">Orion</a>

</td>

<td>Cousins (1960)<a href="#cite_note-cousins-26">[26]</a>

</td>

<td>1m.64

</td>

<td>1m.74

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>B0.5Iabea

</td>

537,000<a href="#cite_note-Searle_2008-27">[27]</a>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Orion_(constellation)" title="Orion (constellation)">Orion</a>

</td>

<td>Waelkens et al. (1998)<a href="#cite_note-waelkens_1998-2">[2]</a>

</td>

<td>4m.68

</td>

<td>4m.72

</td>

<td>2.8682

</td>

<td>B2Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

<td><a href="Perseus_(constellation)" title="Perseus (constellation)">Perseus</a>

</td>

</td>

<td>5m.15

</td>

<td>5m.25

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>A2 Ia

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Extragalactic">Extragalactic</h3></div>

<th style="width:10%;">Designation (name)

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Galaxy

</th>

<th style="width:15%;">Discovery

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Maximum <a href="Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">Apparent magnitude</a> (mV)

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Minimum <a href="Apparent_magnitude" title="Apparent magnitude">Apparent magnitude</a> (mV)

</th>

<th style="width:15%;">Period (days)

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Spectral class

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Luminosity

</th>

<th style="width:10%;">Comment

</th></tr>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>13m.3

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>Complex

</td>

<td>B[e]sg

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>Possible LBV

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>10m.60

</td>

<td>10m.68

</td>

<td>>100

</td>

<td>B8p

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>10m.92

</td>

<td>11m.00

</td>

<td>400

</td>

<td>B0.5Ia+

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>10m.55

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>B0Iae

</td>

<td>

</td>

<td>LBV candidate

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFKholopovSamus'FrolovGoranskij1996" class="citation journal cs1">Kholopov, P. N.; Samus', N. N.; Frolov, M. S.; Goranskij, V. P.; Gorynya, N. A.; Kireeva, N. N.; Kukarkina, N. P.; Kurochkin, N. E.; Medvedeva, G. I.; Perova, N. B. (1996). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalog of Variable Stars, 4th Ed. (GCVS4) (Kholopov+ 1988)". VizieR On-Line Data Catalog: II/139B. Originally Published in: Moscow: Nauka Publishing House (1985–1988). 2139: 0. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1996yCat.2139....0K">1996yCat.2139....0K</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-waelkens_1998-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-waelkens_1998_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-waelkens_1998_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-waelkens_1998_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-waelkens_1998_2-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-waelkens_1998_2-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-waelkens_1998_2-5">f</a> <cite id="CITEREFWaelkens,_C.Aerts,_C.Kestens,_E.Grenon,_M.1998" class="citation journal cs1">Waelkens, C.; Aerts, C.; Kestens, E.; Grenon, M.; Eyer, L. (1998). "Study of an unbiased sample of B stars observed with Hipparcos: the discovery of a large amount of new slowly pulsating B star". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 330: 215–21. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998A&A...330..215W">1998A&A...330..215W</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-saio-3"><a href="#cite_ref-saio_3-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSaioGeorgyMeynet2013" class="citation book cs1">Saio, H.; Georgy, C.; Meynet, G. (2013). "Strange-Mode Instability for Micro-Variations in Luminous Blue Variables". Progress in Physics of the Sun and Stars: A New Era in Helio- and Asteroseismology. Proceedings of a Fujihara Seminar held 25–29 November. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series. Vol. 479. p. 47. <a href="ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1305.4728">1305.4728</a>. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013ASPC..479...47S">2013ASPC..479...47S</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-SaioGeorgy2013-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SaioGeorgy2013_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SaioGeorgy2013_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-SaioGeorgy2013_4-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFSaioGeorgyMeynet2013" class="citation journal cs1">Saio, H.; Georgy, C.; Meynet, G. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstt796">"Evolution of blue supergiants and Cygni variables: puzzling CNO surface abundances"</a>. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 433 (2): 1246–1257. <a href="ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1305.2474">1305.2474</a>. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013MNRAS.433.1246S">2013MNRAS.433.1246S</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmnras%2Fstt796">10.1093/mnras/stt796</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Saio2011-5"><a href="#cite_ref-Saio2011_5-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSaio2011" class="citation journal cs1">Saio, Hideyuki (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2010.18019.x">"Linear analyses for the stability of radial and non-radial oscillations of massive stars"</a>. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 412 (3): 1814–1822. <a href="ArXiv_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ArXiv (identifier)">arXiv</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arxiv.org/abs/1011.4729">1011.4729</a>. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011MNRAS.412.1814S">2011MNRAS.412.1814S</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1365-2966.2010.18019.x">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.18019.x</a>. <a href="ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0035-8711">0035-8711</a>. <a href="S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:118552910">118552910</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-gcvs-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gcvs_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-gcvs_6-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFSamusDurlevich2009" class="citation journal cs1">Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-Line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1: 02025. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009yCat....102025S">2009yCat....102025S</a>.</cite>

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</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2></div>

<ul><li>Samus N.N., Durlevich O.V., et al. Combined General Catalog of Variable Stars (GCVS4.2, 2004 Ed.)</li></ul>

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</style><div id="Variable_stars302" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Variable_star" title="Variable star">Variable stars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Stellar_pulsation" title="Stellar pulsation">Pulsating</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cepheid_variable" title="Cepheid variable">Cepheids</a> and cepheid-like</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Type_I_Cepheid" class="mw-redirect" title="Type I Cepheid">Type I</a> (<a href="Classical_Cepheid_variable" title="Classical Cepheid variable">Classical cepheids</a>, <a href="Delta_Scuti_variable" title="Delta Scuti variable">Delta Scuti</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Type_II_Cepheid" title="Type II Cepheid">Type II</a> (<a href="BL_Herculis_variable" title="BL Herculis variable">BL Herculis</a>, <a href="W_Virginis_variable" title="W Virginis variable">W Virginis</a>, <a href="RV_Tauri_variable" title="RV Tauri variable">RV Tauri</a>)</li>

<li><a href="RR_Lyrae_variable" title="RR Lyrae variable">RR Lyrae</a></li>

<li><a href="Rapidly_oscillating_Ap_star" title="Rapidly oscillating Ap star">Rapidly oscillating Ap</a></li>

<li><a href="SX_Phoenicis_variable" title="SX Phoenicis variable">SX Phoenicis</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Blue-white with early spectra</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><a href="Beta_Cephei_variable" title="Beta Cephei variable">Beta Cephei</a></li>

<li><a href="Slowly_pulsating_B-type_star" title="Slowly pulsating B-type star">Slowly pulsating B-type</a></li>

<li><a href="PV_Telescopii_variable" title="PV Telescopii variable">PV Telescopii</a></li>

<li><a href="Blue_large-amplitude_pulsator" title="Blue large-amplitude pulsator">Blue large-amplitude pulsator</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Long-period_variable_star" title="Long-period variable star">Long-period</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Semiregular_variable_star" title="Semiregular variable star">Semiregular</a></li>

<li><a href="Slow_irregular_variable" title="Slow irregular variable">Slow irregular</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gamma_Doradus_variable" title="Gamma Doradus variable">Gamma Doradus</a></li>

<li><a href="Solar-like_oscillations" title="Solar-like oscillations">Solar-like oscillations</a></li>

<li><a href="Pulsating_white_dwarf" title="Pulsating white dwarf">White dwarf</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eruptive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Pre-main-sequence_star" title="Pre-main-sequence star">Protostar</a> and <a href="Pre-main-sequence_star" title="Pre-main-sequence star">PMS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Herbig_Ae/Be_star" title="Herbig Ae/Be star">Herbig Ae/Be</a></li>

<li><a href="Orion_variable" title="Orion variable">Orion</a>

<ul><li><a href="FU_Orionis_star" title="FU Orionis star">FU Orionis</a></li>

<li><a href="T_Tauri_star" title="T Tauri star">T Tauri</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Giants and supergiants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Luminous_blue_variable" title="Luminous blue variable">Luminous blue variable</a></li>

<li><a href="R_Coronae_Borealis_variable" title="R Coronae Borealis variable">R Coronae Borealis</a> (<a href="DY_Persei_variable" title="DY Persei variable">DY Persei</a>)</li>

<li><a href="Yellow_hypergiant" title="Yellow hypergiant">Yellow hypergiant</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eruptive binary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Double_periodic_variable" title="Double periodic variable">Double periodic</a></li>

<li><a href="FS_Canis_Majoris_variable" title="FS Canis Majoris variable">FS Canis Majoris</a></li>

<li><a href="RS_Canum_Venaticorum_variable" title="RS Canum Venaticorum variable">RS Canum Venaticorum</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Flare_star" title="Flare star">Flare</a></li>

<li><a href="Gamma_Cassiopeiae_variable" title="Gamma Cassiopeiae variable">Gamma Cassiopeiae</a></li>

<li><a href="Lambda_Eridani_variable" title="Lambda Eridani variable">Lambda Eridani</a></li>

<li><a href="Wolf%E2%80%93Rayet_star" title="Wolf–Rayet star">Wolf–Rayet</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cataclysmic_variable_star" title="Cataclysmic variable star">Cataclysmic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="AM_Canum_Venaticorum_star" title="AM Canum Venaticorum star">AM Canum Venaticorum</a></li>

<li><a href="Dwarf_nova" title="Dwarf nova">Dwarf nova</a></li>

<li><a href="Luminous_red_nova" title="Luminous red nova">Luminous red nova</a></li>

<li><a href="Polar_(star)" title="Polar (star)">Polar</a>

<ul><li><a href="Intermediate_polar" title="Intermediate polar">Intermediate</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a>

<ul><li><a href="Hypernova" title="Hypernova">Hypernova</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="SW_Sextantis_variable" title="SW Sextantis variable">SW Sextantis</a></li>

<li><a href="Symbiotic_binary" title="Symbiotic binary">Symbiotic</a>

<ul><li><a href="Symbiotic_nova" title="Symbiotic nova">Symbiotic nova</a></li>

<li><a href="Symbiotic_binary" title="Symbiotic binary">Z Andromedae</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rotating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-spherical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Rotating_ellipsoidal_variable" title="Rotating ellipsoidal variable">Rotating ellipsoidal</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stellar spots</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="BY_Draconis_variable" title="BY Draconis variable">BY Draconis</a></li>

<li><a href="Variable_star#FK_Comae_Berenices_variables" title="Variable star">FK Comae Berenices</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magnetic fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alpha2_Canum_Venaticorum_variable" title="Alpha2 Canum Venaticorum variable">α2 Canum Venaticorum</a></li>

<li><a href="Pulsar" title="Pulsar">Pulsar</a></li>

<li><a href="SX_Arietis_variable" title="SX Arietis variable">SX Arietis</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Binary_star#Eclipsing_binaries" title="Binary star">Eclipsing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Algol_variable" title="Algol variable">Algol</a></li>

<li><a href="Beta_Lyrae_variable" title="Beta Lyrae variable">Beta Lyrae</a></li>

<li><a href="Planetary_transit_variable" class="mw-redirect" title="Planetary transit variable">Planetary transit</a></li>

<li><a href="W_Ursae_Majoris_variable" title="W Ursae Majoris variable">W Ursae Majoris</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <a href="Portal%3AStar" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Star">Star portal</a> * <a href="List_of_variable_stars" title="List of variable stars">List</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-09-08" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Alpha_Cygni_variable&oldid=1244720634">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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